Pump and fire extinguisher



Aug. 3, 1937. c. K. HUTHSING PUMP AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER Filed Aug. 25, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 1- F/a5. F/6.9.

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QTTOPMEK Aug. 1937. c. K. HUTHSING 2,088,790

PUMP AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER Filed Aug. 23, 1933 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 //V YEA/TOR: CI/HPLES If. HUTHS/IVG.

5/ MZM Patented Aug. 3, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PUMP AND FIRE EXTINGUISHER.

Charles K. liluthsing, Clayton, Mo.

1933, Serial No. 686,355

Application August 23,

8 Claims.

This invention relates to pumps and containers therefor and to fire extinguishers. The most specific embodiment herein applies to fire extinguishers, but applicant does not desire to be limited to fire extinguishers, because the invention findsapplication in the construction of pumps and containers therefor, such as are used in pumping or spraying pigments or insecticides, etc. The specific embodiment, herein described, 1 concerns itself with a manually operated pump or fire extinguisher, but applicant does not desire to be limited to manual operation.

The specific embodiment described discloses a manually operated extinguisher, in which means 15, are provided for ejecting the liquid from the container, through a nozzle, which is reciprocated by one hand of the operator. The extinguisher is of a small capacity type holding substantially a quart of the fluid, which in the case of an extinguisher is non-inflammable. The preferable liquid that is used is carbon tetrachloride. Extinguishers of the type in question must be positive in action and must be soconstructed that they will not become inoperative after long periods of non-use. When not in use, the container must be positively sealed from the atmosphere to prevent leakage or evaporation of the liquid. The device must be operative in any position and must. be capable of extracting by means of the pump and nozzle all of the fluid from the container. The type of pump indicated in the drawing and herein described is a double-acting pump, but my invention may be equally well used with a single-acting pump.

The device must be so constructed that when it is in position for non-use or storage, that the nozzle will always be placed in the same position, because in the storage of the extinguisher a definite portion of the container must always be in a definite position relative the nozzle. This is due to the fact that the extinguisher must be positioned in an accessible place visible to the prospective user, and because the directions for operation must appear onthe container visible to the operator, and because the container is usually positioned adjacent a wall, so that the nozzle is parallel with the wall, in order to position the container as close as possible to the wall and to occupy as little space as possible, and to make securing in a supporting bracket as simple and positive as possible.

After long periods of storage in the conventional extinguisher, losses of the fluid occur, due to either evaporation or spillage or both. It is not possible, within the range of practical construction, to absolutely prevent this evaporation or spillage. It is desirable at all times, when the extinguisher is in storage, that the container be full of the liquid. This is obvious because in use, it is desirable to have a maximum amount of 5 the fluid available for the extinguishing operation. Furthermore in the type of extinguisher in which the pump or a portion of it is suspended in the liquid,it is well known, if the pump mech anism is entirely submerged in the liquid that practically no corrosion or oxidation takes place. The corrosion or oxidation is very rapid and deleterious, when a portion or all of the pump mechanism is not immersed in the fluid, but is exposed to a mixture of air and fluid vapor. The fluid vapor of carbon tetrachloride is particularly active in the corrosion or oxidation process. It, therefore, becomes necessary, in order to prevent this corrosion or oxidation, that the container be kept full of the fluid. It is a notorious fact that fire extinguishers receive little, if any, attention from the owners. If the container is made of metal or other opaque material, the inside of the container and portions of the pump suspended therein, are not externally visible. With an opaque container, therefore, it is not easily discernible, when the liquid level has fallen to a point where the portion of the pump exposed tothe vapor is attacked.

When the parts of the exposed pump become corroded or oxidized they rapidly become inoperative, or the operativeness is materially impaired. It is to removethese objections that applicant employs a transparent or translucent container, usually made of glass, but any other material having the qualities of transparency or translucency may be used. A mechanical equivalent of the glass container is a metal container having a longitudinally slotted glazed opening.

It is obvious that with the use of a transparent'or translucent container that the interior of the container, together with the mechanism suspended in the fluid in the container, is always externally visible. With such a container, a mere glance discloses the level of the fluid therein. Therefore, with practically no eiiort, the owner of the extinguisher may immediately detect that the liquid level is too low and may fill the container with the liquid to replace the portion of the liquid that has been lost through spillage or evaporation. In order to assist in the visibility of the mechanism in the glass container, a coloring material or dye may be placed in solution in the liquid in the container. Obviously a noninflammable dyeing material must be used, and

it must be practically transparent or translucent. It must not be opaque.

In the conventional extinguisher of the type in question, a metallic container is used and the nozzle for expulsion of the fluid is at the lower or head end, that is, opposite the handle rod. In order to secure the expulsion orifice in this position, it becomes necessary to perforate one end of the container and to secure a valve over the perforation, so that the liquid will not leak out when the pump is not in use, and so that the valve will open when the pump is operated. Furthermore in an extinguisher of the type herein disclosed, the valve openings of the pump must always be at the lowest side of the container in order to be able to withdraw all the liquid from the container, irrespective of the position of the container. In order to accomplish this, the portion of the valve mechanism, containing the inlet portions must be pivotally suspended from the center rod or tube, so that this portion of the valve mechanism will gravitationally fall to the bottom of the container. This means that the pump mechanism must be journalled at the bottom or orifice end of the conventional extinguisher. By the use of a glass container and the mechanism, herein described, it is not necessary to bore a hole through the bottom of the glass container, because the fluid is not ejected through an orifice in that end of the container. Likewise the matter of journalling the pump mechanism, owing to the type of mechanism herein disclosed is relatively simple, because a loose journal may be provided in the form of a hole in the inner side of the bottom of the container, which hole, however, does not pass through the bottom of the container.

A further object is to so construct the device that the fluid is ejected through the reciprocating handle end, on which the nozzle is formed. This is a decided advantage. In the conventional pump, the handle is reciprocated, but the fluid is ejected from an orifice in the container. With the structure herein described, the operator holds the container in one hand and reciprocates the pump piston with the other hand. Since the fluid is ejected from the nozzle, which is in the handle, that is reciprocated when the pump is operated, the aim of the stream is considerably improved, and the direction of flow of the fluid from the device may be accurately and selectively controlled. In the conventional device of the character herein described, after long dis-use, certain of the valves oxidize or corrode and become stuck in their seats, thereby either preventing the operation of the device or retarding it greatly. This'device includes positive methods of preventing the sticking of such valves in their seats.

When the liquid. is withdrawn from the container, it is necessary to admit air into the container, otherwise a vacuum will be set up in the container and the flow of liquid either retarded or stopped. One object of this device, therefore, is to automatically admit air into the container as the fluid is withdrawn, but not to permit the leakage of the fluid through the air passage. Specific provision is made for securing the top of the container in a definite position. Likewise provision'is made for locking the handle and nozzle of the device in a definite position on the container top, and to provide means of effectually sealing the container, as far as practical from leakage or evaporation, when the nozzle is in its inner or storing position.

Among the further objects are to provide a piston having packing, which will not j am in the tube within which it is positioned. With the standard piston construction, the metallic part of the piston becomes corroded or oxidized and the inner surface of the container becomes roughened through the same process. When the piston is moved in the cylinder, the packing, through frictional engagement with the roughened inner surface of the cylinder, creeps to one end of the piston against the metallic portion thereof. As this process continues, the packing spreads out at one end subjecting it to undue wear, making it more difficult to operate the piston and may even, in an extreme case, prevent its operation, because the packing becomes jammed against the inner wall of the cylinder. This application discloses a method of preventing this jamming or clogging by placing metallic spacing rings between portions of the packing. The nozzle has a restricted end opening, the purpose of which is to increase the velocity of the fluid from the nozzle and to build up back pressure in the nozzle and pump, which back pressure will aid in forming a continuous flow of the liquid during the instant of the change of direction of the movement of the piston in the pump at the end of its stroke. It is desirable to form the flow passage in the nozzle, so as to offer as little frictional resistance to the'flow of liquid as possible. This involves inner curves and arcuated portions of the nozzle. It is difficult to cast a nozzle with such an orifice. This application, therefore, discloses a means of facilitating the manufacture of such a nozzle with the type of orifice described.

In the manufacture of such a nozzle a brass tube is conformed to the desired shape to form the orifice of the nozzle and the remainder of the nozzle is cast around this brass tubing. By this means the desired objects may be easily attained.

The device is so constructed that it will remain in an operative condition over long periods of time without leakage, evaporation or siphoning. The apparatus is such that it may be instantly and positively actuated, when manually operated. Obviously in an enlarged form, this pump could be actuated by a motor or other power means, and applicant does not desire to be limited to manual operation. In the device, one of the various embodiments of the invention is shown with a modified form of means for admitting air to the container, in order to prevent formation of a vacuum therein.

Obviously the use of a glass container, in addition to the other functions, which it has, may be used to visually detect defects in the pump mechanism in the container, and thereby enable the defects to be remedied, prior to the actual use of the pump. Since the common fluid used in an extinguisher is also the prevalent fluid used for dry cleaning, and since a great many persons are advised of these facts, it has become relatively common to have persons remove the fluid from the extinguisher for dry cleaning purposes. This loss through tampering with the extinguisher can be replenished easily when the liquid level is externally visibe. The fact that glass cannot be bended or indented is another advantage. Apparatus of this class requires close clearance of depending rotary members in relation to the shell and it follows that a relatively small, accidental dent in a metallic shell interrupts the normal operation. Such a dent cannot be made in the glass and, therefore, the normal operation cannot be interrupted for such 75 ing into the projection i3.

cause. It is better to have the glass broken so that reliance will not be placed on the extinguisher in its broken condition, rather than to have an extinguisher that appearsin operative condition, when the fact is "otherwise. If the glass is shattered that fact is easily discernible. If it is cracked so that the liquid lealrs from the container that fact is also easily seen by the W-. ering of the fluid in the container. It is desirable to have a fire extinguisher treated with great consideration, and experience has taught that glass or like frangible materials are treated with more consideration than are metals. Furthermore the glass container lends itself to more decorative elfcct than does metal.

With these and other objects inview, my invention has relation to certain novel features of construction and arrangements of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described, pointed out in the claims and illustrated in the drawings, in

which- Fig. 1 is i an elevation of the device, showing the handle and nozzle in their closed positions.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the container with the cap and pump removed, showing the means for threaded engagement with the cap securing annulus, and showing the panel in the glass, which panel is used for attaching a legend, which describes the use of the apparatus.

Figs. 1 and 2 also show the means for definitely securing the cap to the container.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 4i of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental sectional elevation showing the upper portion of the device, with the handle and nozzle in a position above the remainder of the device.

Fig. 6 is a fragmental sectional elevation of 40 the lower portion of the device showing the piston in an intermediate position between the top and bottom of its stroke.

Fig. 'l is an enlarged fragmental, broken, sectional elevation of my device, showing the lower 45 valves and the pump piston in its lower limiting position, and the handle and nozzle in the locked position on the container cap, and showing the sealing valve in the nozzle casting in its closed position.

50 Fig. 8 is a fragmental sectional elevation taken on the line 8B of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a plan view ofthe container cap on line 3-3 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a sectional plan view taken on the 55 line llilil of Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a fragmental sectional elevation of the container top and the piston tube, together with means for sealing the piston against liquid leakage, in its passage through the container 60 top, and showing the packing used in securing 70 wardly and has positioned centrally the external projection it, the bottom of which is in the same plane with the lowest surfaces of the bottom l5. Numeral i'i designates a cylindrical hole on the inner face of the bottom I5, extend- The cylindrical hole l does not project entirely through the projection l6. Numeral I8 designates a panel formed on the container I4; on this container panel may be positioned the desired legend stating the use for thedevice. The open end of the container I4 is externally threaded by means of the threads l9. Numeral designates a longitudinal inward projection at the upper end of the container I4, and positioned approximately centrally relative the panel |8.

Numeral 2| designates the container cap, which is preferably made of metal, and which has the depending annular flange 22, in spaced relationship with the circumferential edge of the container cap 2|. Formed integrally with the container cap 2| are the two arcuate projections 23 and 24. At the free edges of the arcuate projections 23 and 24 are formed arcuate radial flanges 25 and 26.

Numeral 21 designates a hole passing through the center of the container cap 2|. Surrounding the hole 21 external the container cap 2|, and formed integral therewith, and within the arcuate radial flanges 25 and 26, is formed the frustoconical projection 28. Surrounding the hole 21 and depending inwardly or downwardly is formed the annular flange 29, integrally with the container cap 2|. The annular flange 29 has an inside diameter substantially larger than the diameter of the hole 27, and is internally threaded. At the jointure between the annular flange 29 and the inner surface of the container cap 2| is formed the beveled seat 30. Numeral 3| designates a gasket or washer positioned on the inner face of the container cap 2|, externally to the depending annular flange 22. The container cap 2| is of such diameter that the outer surface of the depending annular flange 22 is in engagement with the upper inner surface of the container l4 when the container cap is in position. The gaskets or washer 3| is preferably made of cork or other ment with the upper end of the longitudinal in-uj' ward projection 2|]. By this means, the container cap 2| is precluded from rotating relative the container M. In order to secure the container cap 2| selectively to the container M, the

open bottomed cup or annulus 33 is employediz;

The cup 33 is in threaded engagement on the threads I9 and itsinward radial flange engages the outer portion of the container cap 2|.

By screwing the open bottomed cup 33 downwardly,

, i the container cap 2| is pressed against the gasket-r or washer 3|, which in turn is pressed against the top edge of the container l4. By these means, a fluid tight joint is obtained between the con- 7 tainer cap 2| and the container M, and the surfaces between the metal of the container cap 2 I, and the glass of the container I4 are cushioned against each other by means of the pliant gasket or washer 3|. From the container cap 2! is suspended the double-acting pump 34, having the cylinder 35, the piston rod 36 and the ball valvev housing 31, ,near the upper end, and the ball valve housing 38 in the lower endof the container I4. The cylinder is secured in the casting 39 at its lower end, and in the casting 40 at its upper end. The casting 39 is hollowhaving the upper cylindrical portion 39", into which the lower end of the cylinder 35 fits in frictional engagement.

Below the upper cylindrical portion 39' of the casting 39 internally, is formed the inverted frusto-conical opening 4|. Numeral 42 designates a trunnion formed centrally at the bottom of the casting 39. The trunnion 42 fits in the cylindrical hole I! in the bottom l5 of the container |4. By means of the trunnion 42 and the cylindrical hole I1 and the positioning of the trunnion in the hole, the casting 39 may be rotated in the cylindrical hole H. The cylindrical hole I1 is made slightly larger than the diameter of the trunnion 42, so that the rotation is facilitated for 5 reasons, which will become obvious, as the remainder of the structure is disclosed.

The upper end casting 46 fits over the top of the cylinder: 35 within the container l4. In the upper end casting 46' is formed the cylindrical opening 43, which surrounds the piston rod 36. Within this cylindrical opening 43 are positioned the packing washers 44 made of the usual packing 'material. Between the washers 44 is positioned a metallic washer 45. Above the packing washers 4| is positioned the closure washer 46, which rests within the cylindrical opening43, and which surrounds the piston rod 36, and which is in frictional engagement in an annular, recess in the top of the cylindrical opening 43. The purpose of the packing washers 44 and the metallic washer 45 is to prevent the leakage of liquid, as will be subsequently explained, between the piston rod 36 and the upper casting end 46. The piston rod 36 is hollow, that is, it is a tube, to the lower end of which is secured the piston packing 41, by means to be subsequently described.

Numeral 48 designates thenozzle to whiclris secured the handle 49. The nozzle 48 is secured to the upper end of the piston rod 36. 'It will be 40 seen that by the structure thus far described, that a cylinder and piston are present with a handle 49 for reciprocating the piston within the cylinder. The ball valves 31 are secured to the upper casting end 46 by means of the following i construction:

Numeral 56 designates a cylinder positioned laterally to the upper casting end 46 and establishing fluid communication to the cylinder 35. On the cylinder 50 and at right angles thereto, 50 and parallel with the side walls of the container I4, is formed a cylinder 5|, which is in fluid communication with cylinder 56. The upper end of cylinder 5| is closed by any standard means, and the lower end is open. Within the cylinder 5| is 55 formed the valve seat 52, to engage the ball 53. Numeral 54 designates a valve seat in the lateral opening of the cylinder 56. Numeral 55 designates a ball seated in the valve seat 54. Numeral 56 designates a tube fitted in frictional engage- 60 ment in the lower open end of the cylinder 5|.

Turning now to the casting 39, it has formed integral therewith a laterally'extending cylinder 51, establishing fluid communication to the bottom of the cylinder 35. Numeral 58'designates a cyl- 65 inder formed on the laterally extending cylinder 51, and at right anglestherewith. The tube 56 is in frictional engagement with the upper open end of the cylinder 58. The lower endupf the cylinder 58 is closed. Numeral 59 designates a 70 lateral opening, in the lower end of the cylinder 56.

Numeral 66 designates a valve seat in the cylinder 58, and numeral 6| a ball, which may be seated on the valve seat .66. v 7 I Numeral 62 designates a valve seat inth'e lateral -75 extending cylinder 51 and numeral 63 a ball that may be seated onthe valve seat 62. Numeral 64 designates a rod positioned in the tube 56 and substantially smaller in diameter, having its lower end resting against the ball 6|, when the device is in the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and resting against the ball 53, when the device is in the reverse position.

By means of the valve housings 31 and 38, the liquid may pass from the container |4 into the cylinder 35, and by means to be subsequently described, the liquid may pass from the cylinder 35 into the piston rod 36 and from there into the nozzle 48 and ejected. The portion of the valve mechanism, thus far described, will function, as follows:

On the down stroke of the piston rod 36, the ball 63 will be forced against the valve seat 62, thereby closing that valve. At the same time, the valve ball 55 will be disengaged from the valve seat 54. When the device is in the position shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the ball 53 will be gravitationally held in the valve seat 52. The rod 64 will maintain the ball 6| out of engagement with the valve seat 66. The fluid will be drawn from the container |4 through the opening 59, through the cylinder 58 and the tube 56 around the rod 64, through the valve seat 54 into the cylinder 35. Thus admitting the fluid above the piston packing 41.

The fluid within the container 35, below the piston packing 41 is being compressed by the plunger action of the piston packing 41 in the cylinder 35, below the piston packing 41, and forced into the hollow piston rod 36. The valve mechanism for permitting the flow of the fluid from the cylinder 35 to the piston 36 will be subsequently described.

When the piston rod 36 is moved upwardly, the ball 63 is disengaged from the valve seat 62, and the liquid passes through the opening 56 into the cylinder 58, through the valve seat 62 into the cylinder 35. Obviously when the position of the extinguisher is reversed, the operation of the ball valves 53 and 6| is reversed. In this position, the ball 6| will always gravitationally seat on the valve seat 66. The rod 64 is a spacer rod between the balls 53 and 6|, and is of such length that both of the balls cannot seat at the same time, irrespective of the position of the extinguisher. In this upward movement of the piston rod 36, the liquid in the cylinder 35 above the piston 36 is being forced into the piston rod 36 and out through the nozzle 48. The valve controlling the admission of liquid into the piston rod 36 will be subsequently described. At this time liquid is being forced from the cylinder 35 into the piston rod 36 and outward through the nozzle 48 during both the upward and downward stroke of the piston. The general action of the double acting pump has been thus far described,

The valve mechanism for admitting the fluid from the cylinder 35 to the piston rod 36 and the mechanism for sealing the device when not in use, is the following:

On the lower end of the piston rod 36, above the piston packing 41 is the collar 65, which is of suflicient diameter to limit the upward travel of the piston packing 41. In spaced relationship with the collar 65 beneath it on the piston rod 36 is the collar 66 which limits the lower travel of the piston packing. The piston packing 41 is secured to a piston 61 which in turn is loosely fitted over the piston rod 36 between the collars 65 and 66. In this manner the piston 61 with its packing 41 has a possible sliding movement between the collars 65 and 66. The piston rod 36 between the collars is slotted in its opposite sides with the slots 68. The fluid passes from the cylinder 66 through the slots 66 to the interior of the piston rod 36. Numeral 69 designates a valve rod having the ball '56 secured to its upper end. This valve rod is positioned in the piston rod 36. The valve rod 69 is provided with a fixed collar ll. Numeral l2 designates a coiled spring enveloping the valve rod es and which bears against the fixed collar l i. Numeral l3 designates a shoulder fastened on the inside of rod 36 at M.

The upper end of the coiled spring 12 is in engagement with the lower face of the shoulder l3. Numeral l6 designates a valve seat for the ball 76. The valve seat 15 is formed in connection with the base of the nozzle, which will be subsequently described. The purpose of the coiled spring 72 is to normally hold the ball 16 away from the valve seat l5. The coiled spring 72 is of such length, strength and design that this is accomplished because the spring 112 occupies all the space between the shoulder 53 and the fixed collar ll when the ball MI is out of engagement with the valve seat 75. It requires a compression of the coiled spring by a thrust of the fixed collar against it and by a thrust of the upper end of the coiled spring 12 against the shoulder 13 to seat the ball E6 in the valve seat l5.

Below the fixed collar H, enveloping the valve rod 69 is positioned the spring 16 which reacts against a saddle ll which saddle extends through the slots 68 .(see Fig. 8) and is in sliding engagement on the valve rod 69. At the lower end the valve rod 68 is provided with an enlargement 86" functioning as a sliding cross head in a hollow plug M which is slidable through the end 82 of the piston rod 36. A shoulder 83 on the hollow plug 85 forms a slidable guide in the hollow portion of said end 82 and contacts with the saddle Tl.

As shown in Fig. I when the valve rod '6? is forced down completely the hollow plug Bl strikes the bottom of the casting 39, thus forcing up the saddle El and through spring 16 transmitting force to the fixed collar. ill and hence to the valve rod 68 to the ball l8 forcing it into engagement with the valve seat l5. In this position fluid communication is, therefore, prevented between the piston rod 36 and the nozzle 48. Obviously, the spring E6 in its compressed position must be more powerful than 2 spring 12.

When the piston rod 36 is moved upwardly from theposition just assumed, the compressed spring l6jforces back the hollow plug 8| and the weaker spring F2 is motivated to unseat the ball '08 from the valve seat E5.

The spring 12 is not alone depended upon to effect the initial opening of the ball 76 from the valve seat '65. If the ball 16 should be held fast or stuck'in its valve seat '55, due to corrosion or other causes, movement of the ball in from the valve seat 76 is assured, because upon moving the piston upwardly initially, the piston 6?, in being left behind will be struck by the saddle 11.

Thus the saddle ll? is pulled downwardly and finally engages the enlargement 86 to unseat the ball l6 from the valve seat l5. Thereafter said ball 16 is held from its seat 15 by means of the spring H2. The detailed construction for positioning the piston packing on the piston 6'! is best shown in Fig. 7 in which the piston packing is held inspaced relationship by means of the radial projection 84. A washer may be used in-place of this radial projection. This strucshown in the drawings.

ture is very important. Without the use of the radial projection 84 or its mechanical equivalent, the piston packing will become jammed, after use, against the piston 61 and the cylinder 35. This makes pumping difficult, if at all possible, causes excessive wear with the consequent leakage of fluid between the packing and the Wall of the cylinder 35. With the use of the radial projection this jamming of the packing is eifectually prevented; If the inner wall of the cylinder remained smooth as it is originally, very little trouble would be experienced from this source, but in use or in storage, this wall becomes rough and pitted, through the chemical and physical action of the fluid on the metal and in the roughened state might otherwise offer too great friction for the piston packing. Where the packing is not jammed it may be torn from the piston 61 and disintegrated. The movement of the piston M with the packing 41 relative the piston rod 36, between the collars 65 and '66 is extremely important. There is always a lag in the movement of the piston 61, together with the packing 41 relative the cylinder 35, due to the friction between the piston packing 41 and the cylinder 35. During the upward stroke of the piston rod 36, after a slight initial movement, the cylinder 61 will ride on the collar 66 and during a down- Ward stroke it will ride on the collar 65. The necessity of a portion of this for the positive moving of the ball 10 away from the seat 15 has been described.

It will be seen by the structure thus far described that the tube 56 and its connections with the cylinder 35 and the cylinder may rotate freely on the trunnion 42 at one end and on the piston rod 36 at the other. This is very important because gravitation is relied upon to maintain the valve housings 3'! and 38 near the side wall of the container M that is lowest whenever the extinguisher is held in any position other than that The fluid will naturally gravitationally flow to the lowest side. In the position of the extinguisher shown in the drawings, the position of the valve housings 31 and 38 is not important, because the valve housings 31 and 38 are near enough to the ends of the container M to extract all the liquid from the end at which the valve is functioning. By this structure, it is possible to pump out practically all of the liquid irrespective of the position of the extinguisher.

Numeral 85 designates a packing member formed at the base of the nozzle 58. The interior of the packing member 85 is formed conical to co-operate with the frusto-conical projection 28. The packing member 65 comprises a cork or other sealing material 86 within a lead or other suitable surface 81. Thuswhen the piston rod 36 is driven completely inwardly, a surface of the packing member 85 conforms to the shape of the frusto-conical projection 28 to efiect a seal. The fact that the lead surface 8'! is backed up by the interior cork 86 insures that the lead or other suitable material is at all times pressed snugly into contact with the frusto-conical projection 28, and thus sealing the device against evaporation of the contents: while standing idle. The packing member 85 is positioned in a counter bored recess of the base of the nozzle 68, the latter having external bayonet pins 88 for engagement with the recesses formed under the arcuate radial flanges 25 and 26. Thus when the nozzle G8 is driven inwardly to its full extent, the bayonet pins 88, if the piston rod 36 is held in contact with the piston rod 36.

the proper position, will pass down into substantial physical contact with the top of the container cap 2|. The bayonet pins 88 are diametrically opposite each other. When the base of the nozzle 48 has been brought to the position just indicated, the base of the nozzle 48 will be placed in locking engagement with the arcuate radial flanges 25 and 26, if the nozzle 48, together with the piston rod 36 are rotated through a small are. This is the locked position of the nozzle 48, with the container I4, and is the position in which the extinguisher is stored until used.

When it is desired to use the extinguisher, the nozzle 48 is turned in an opposite arcuate direction through the small arc of a circle, so that the bayonet pins 88 pass from beneath the arcuate radial flanges 25 and 26 and are, therefore, free to be moved upwardly with the piston rod 36. The specific means of securing the piston rod 36 to the base of the nozzle 48 is as follows:

Numeral 89 designates a ,metallic washer positioned in the nozzle base below the inner end of the tube 90 formed in the nozzle 48. Below the washer 89 is positioned the cork sealing washer 9 I. The washer 9I forms the seat for the ball I0. The end of the piston rod 36 has the threads 92 formed thereon. These threads are in threaded engagement in the base of the nozzle 48 and above the packing member 85.

The structure for preventing a leakage between the piston rod 36 and the container cap 2|, and at the same'time permitting air to pass into the container I4, in order to prevent the formation of avacuum, or a partial vacuum in the container, as the fluid is withdrawn, is the following:

The container cap 2| supports a centrallylocated gland 93 within which is a packing ring 94 having a conical contour, and backed by a washer 95. A coiled spring 96 presses'against the washer 95 and reacts from a cap 91, which cap is threaded intothe gland 93. A vent opening 98 communicates with the interior of the container I4. The piston rod 36 is sufficiently loose in the gland 93, so as to permit air to pass around the piston rod 36 between it and the gland 93, and out through the vent opening 98, into the interior of the container I4. The piston rod 36 is, however, not loose enough to permit liquid from the interior of the container I4 to pass between the gland 93 and the piston rod 36. These results are accomplished by virtue of the packing ring 94, the washer 95, the coiled spring 96 and the cap 91. The packing ring 94 is made of relatively soft pliable material, and the coiled spring 96 is of such design and strength that it packs the packing ring 94 upwardly against its conical seat and into The packing ring 94 is lifted from its conical seat by any lowering of air pressure on the interior of the container I4, and is pushed against the spring 96, thereby permitting inward leakage of the air through the gland 93. This leakage passes around the packing 94, which is loose when in its lower position, and passes through the vent opening 98, thus providing atmospheric pressure upon the liquid level L-L.

When the internal pressure rises through the admission of air into the container I4, the packing 94 is carried against its conical seat, thereby sealing the interior of the device from the exterior thereof at the gland 93. The coiled spring 96 insures that the conical packing ring 94 will be driven against its seat to effect a seal, while the device is not in use. It will also be observed that during the inward travel of the piston rod 36 that the piston aids and initially drives in the packing ring 94.

A modified form for accomplishing vacuum relief on the interior of the container I4, is best shown in Figs. 11 and 12. In this construction shallow grooves 99 are provided in the piston rod 36 near its top. Such grooves 99 may be used in connection with a movable packing, such as packing ring 94, or with the ordinary stationary packing. It will be observed that when the piston rod 36 arrives at a point near the bottom of its stroke that the shallow grooves 99 will at one place extend through the centrally located gland 93, and also extend above it and below it, thus establishing air communication between the exterior of the extinguisher and the interior of the container I4. It is to be understood that only a small period of time is necessary for the air to enter the interior of the container by one of the shallow grooves 99. This period of time is too short, in the ordinary operation of the extinguisher, to permit the leakage of the fluid by the gland 93 from the interior of the container I4 to the exterior thereof.

Numeral I designates a threaded cap, which is in threaded engagement in a tapped hole in the container cap 2|. Through this hole the container I4 is filled with liquid to the liquid level line LL. When the container is filled the threaded cap I60 is screwed into the threaded opening, making a leak proof joint. The structure for securing the nozzle 48 to the container cap 2I is so designed that when they are interlocked that the nozzle 48 will be substantially at right angles with the plane of the panel I8. By this means, the extinguisher may be in a wall bracket practically in contact with the wall to which the bracket is secured, so that the container will be entirely externally visible, and so that the nozzle 48 will be parallel with the wall ad- J'acent which the extinguisher is positioned.

By the structure recited, the objects of the invention may be attained.

What I claim is:

1. In a device ofv the character described, a liquid container, a hollow piston rod extending through one end of said container for reciprocation from and to an unoperated position, an operating handle attached to said rod and having a liquid discharge passage therethrough opening into said rod, devices pivotally supported in said container controlling admission of liquid from 'said container into said rod, a valve for closing said passage through said operating handle, and a device extending through said rod for closing said valve when said rod is moved to said unoperated position.

2. In a device of the character described, a liquid container, a hollow piston rod extending through one end of said container for reciprocation from and to an unoperated position, an operating handle attached to said rod and having a liquid discharge passage therethrough opening into said rod, devices pivotally supported in said. container controlling admission of liquid from said container into said rod, a valve for closing said passage through said operating handle, a device extending through said rod for closing said valve when said rod is moved to said unoperated position, and resilient means in said rod for operating said device to open said valve during initial movement of said rod from said unoperated position.

3. The combination of an elongated container having an integral end wall provided with a socket concentric with the axis of the container, a closure cap for the opposite end of the container provided with a bearing opening, means for discharging liquid from said container including a manually operated reciprocable piston pump having a piston rod extending at one end through said bearing opening and said pump being supported at the opposite end in said socket, devices near the ends of said container controlling admission of liquid to said pump from said container during movement of said piston rod in both directions, a handle for operating said pump, and liquid discharging means extending from the pump handle.

4. In a fire extinguishing container adapted to be held in one hand, a manually reciprocable means for discharging liquid from said container through a nozzle carried by said reciprocable means and discharging substantially in one direction of reciprocation past the container during movement of said reciprocable means in both directions of reciprocation.

5. A fire extinguisher of the character described comprising a container adapted to be held in one hand and having an integral wall closing one end and provided with an axial socket on the inside,

a manually reciprocable liquid ejecting means mounted in said container and pivotally supported by said socket, a closure cap in connection with the opposite end of said container for supporting said means, and a nozzle attached to said means outside of the container and communicating with said means and discharging liquid substantially in one direction of reciprocation past the container.

6. A fire extinguisher of the character described comprising a container adapted to be held in one hand and having an integral wall closing oneend provided with an axial socket on the inside, a cylinder mounted concentrically in said container and having one end pivotally supported by said socket, means forming passages opening into opposite ends of said cylinder for admitting liquid into said opposite ends of said cylinder from opposite ends of said container, a closure for the end of said container opposite said socket having a central bearing opening in axial alinement with said socket, manually reciprocable means extending for sliding movements through said opening and concentrically into said cylinder and pivotally supporting the end of said cylinder that is toward said closure, and devices cooperating with said reciprocable means and said cylinder for discharging liquid from said container through said reciprocable means substantially in one direction of reciprocation of said reciprocable means and past the container.

'7. A fire extinguisher comprising a container, a pump cylinder in said container, a hollow reciprocable piston rod extending into said cylinder and having ports for admitting liquid from said cylinder into said rod and also having an outlet outside of the container, a piston mounted on said rod in said cylinder and opening said ports alternately at opposite sides of said piston when said rod is reciprocated and ejecting liquid from said rod through said outlet during movement of said rod in both directions of reciprocation, a valve within said rod opening and closing said outlet, means for holding said rod in an unoperated position, and means for closing said valve when said rod is held in said unoperated position.

8. A fire extinguisher comprising a container, a pump cylinder in said container, a hollow reciprocable piston rod extending into said cylinder and having ports for admitting liquid from said cylinder into said rod and also having an outlet outside of the container, a piston mounted on said rod in said cylinder and opening said ports alternately at opposite sides of said piston when said rod is reciprocated and ejecting liquid from said rod through said outlet during movement of said rod in both directions of reciprocation, a valve within said rod opening and closing said outlet, means for holding said rod inan unoperated position, means for closing said valve when said rod is held in said unoperated, position, and means mounted in said rod for opening said valve when said rod is moved from said unoperated position.

CHARLES K. HUTHSING. 

